Food Species in Taiwan & Their Countries of Origin

特有種 - Endemic to Taiwan

本地物種 - Native to Taiwan

外來物種 - Foreign Species

種名 - Species Name	Cultivation in Taiwan	Notes	原產地 - Country of Origin
*Agastache rugosa* 藿香 Licorice Mint	Limited cultivation, food		China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan 台灣 [1]
*Allium cepa* 洋蔥 Onion	Commercial		Turkmenistan [1]
*Allium sativum* 大蒜 Garlic	Commercial		Iran, Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Tadzhikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan [1]
*Aloe vera* 蘆薈 Aloe vera	Limited, ornamental and garden.		Oman [1]
*Alpinia galanga* 南薑 Greater Galangal	Limited, naturalized. Not invasive.		Assam, Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, China, Jawa, Malaya, Myanmar, Philippines, Sumatera, Thailand, Vietnam [1]
*Alpinia officinarum* 高良薑 Lesser Galangal	Limited		China, Myanmar, Vietnam [1]
*Alpinia zerumbet* 月桃 Shell Ginger	Limited, Native Species		Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Japan, Laos, Malaya, Myanmar, Taiwan 台灣, Thailand, Vietnam [1]
*Amomum krervanh* 白荳蔻 White Cardamom	Unknown		Cambodia, Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam [1]
*Amomum tsao-ko* 黑荳蔻 Black Cardamom	Unknown		China, Laos, Vietnam [1]
*Anethum graveolens* 蒔蘿 Dill			Algeria, Chad, Cyprus, Gulf States, Iran, Lebanon-Syria, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia [1]
*Artemisia dracunculus* 龍艾 Tarragom			Widely Distributed [1]
*Bixa orellana* 胭脂樹 Annatto			Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela [1]
*Boesenbergia rotunda* 凹唇薑 Finger Ginger			Assam, Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Malaya, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam [1]
*Borago officinalis* 琉璃苣 Borage			Algeria, Baleares, Corse, France, Greece, Italy, Libya, Morocco, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain, Tunisia, Yugoslavia [1]
*Cajanus cajan* 樹豆 Pigeon Pea			India [1]
*Capsicum sp.* 辣椒, 甜椒, 青椒	Commercial. Naturalized.		The Americas 南美洲，中美洲，北美洲 [1]
*Chenopodium formosanum = Chenopodium giganteum* 紅藜 Formosa Quinoa	Introduced. Naturalized. Native?	Grown extensively on small scale farms and in gardens.	China, Himalaya, Manchuria, Nepal, Primorye, Tibet [1]
*Cinnamomum burmanni* 肉桂 Cinnamon, Cassia	Native and introduced germplasm.		Bangladesh, Borneo, China, Indonesia, Jawa, Myanmar, Philippines, Sulawesi, Taiwan 台灣, Vietnam [1]
*Cinnamomum loureiroi* 肉桂 Saigon Cinnamon	Unknown		Vietnam [1]
*Cinnamomum osmophloeum* 土肉桂 Sweet Leaf Cinnamon	Limited cultivation, wild harvested		Taiwan 台灣 [1]
*Cinnamomum verum* 肉桂 Cinnamon	Limited cultivation		Sri Lanka [1]
*Citrus hystrix* 馬蜂橙葉 Kaffir Lime			Bangladesh,Borneo, Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Malaya, Myanmar, New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Is., Sulawesi, Thailand, Vietnam [1]
*Clitoria ternatea* 蝶豆花 Butterfly Pea	Limited cultivation		Widespread throughout the tropics [1]
*Coriandrum sativum* 香菜 Cilantro & Coriander	Commercial		Afghanistan, Iran, Lebanon-Syria, Pakistan, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Sinai, Transcaucasus, Turkey [1]
孜然 Cumin			Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq [1]
*Curcuma longa* 薑黃 Turmeric	Commercial. Possibly weakly naturalized.		India [1]
*Cymbopogon* 檸檬香茅 Lemon Grass			India, Sri Lanka [1]
*Daucus carota* 紅蘿蔔 Carrot	Commercial		Eurasia and North Western Africa [1]
*Dioscorea alata* 紫色山藥 Purple Yam	Naturalized, Small scale production.	Introduced.	Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Malaya, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi, Thailand, Vietnam [1]
*Eryngium foetidum* 刺芹 Culantro	Limited cultivation		南美洲，中美洲 Central and South America [1]
*Foeniculum vulgare* 茴香 Fennel	Commercial		South Europe, South-West Asia and North Africa [1]
*Gardenia jasminoides* 梔子 Cape Jasmine	Native species, ornamental	No longer commercially cultivated for food or dye.	Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Japan, Laos, Taiwan 台灣 , Thailand, Vietnam [1]
*Glycyrrhiza glabra* 甘草 Licorice			Afghanistan, Albania, Bulgaria, China, Cyprus, Greece, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Lebanon-Syria, Mongolia, Pakistan, Palestine, Romania, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Yugoslavia [1]
*Graptopetalum paraguayense* 石蓮花 Ghost Plant			Mexico [1]
*Hibiscus sabdariffa* 洛神花 Roselle			Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Nigeria, Sudan, Zaire [1]
*Hylocereus polyrhizus* 火龍果 Dragon Fruit			French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname [1]
*Hyssopus officinalis* 神香草			Albania, Algeria, Austria, Belarus, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, France, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Italy, Krym, Morocco, North Caucasus, Spain, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, Yugoslavia [1]
*Illicium verum* 八角 Star Anise	N/A	Native species are poisonous.	China, Vietnam [1]
*Kaempferia galanga* 沙薑 Galangal	Limited cultivation		Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam [1]
*Laurus nobilis* 月桂葉 Bay Leaf			Albania, Algeria, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Lebanon-Syria, Libya, Morocco, Palestine, Tunisia, Turkey, Yugoslavia [1]
*Lavandula angustifolia* 薰衣草 Lavender			France, Italy, Spain [1]
*Litsea cubeba* 馬告 / 山胡椒 Mountain Pepper			Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaya, Myanmar, Nepal, Taiwan 台灣, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam [1]
*Lycium barbarum* 枸杞 Goji Berry	Limited cultivation		China [1]
*Melissa officinalis* 香蜂草 Lemon Balm			Albania, Algeria, Bulgaria, Cyprus, France, Greece, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Kirgizstan, Lebanon-Syria, Morocco, Palestine, Portugal, Spain, Tadzhikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Yugoslavia [1]
*Mentha spicata* 绿薄荷 Spearmint	Cultivated		Afghanistan, Albania, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, China, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Ireland, Italy, Lebanon-Syria, Nepal, Netherlands, Norway, Pakistan, Palestine, Poland, Romania, Sweden, Switzerland, Tibet, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Yugoslavia [1]
*Mentha × piperita* Peppermint			Europe. Hybrid. [1]
*Morinda citrifolia* 諾麗果 Noni	Cultivated		Andaman Is., Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Malaya, Maldives, Myanmar, New Guinea, Nicobar Is., Philippines, Solomon Is., Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Taiwan 台灣, Thailand, Vietnam, Australia [1]
*Moringa oleifera* 辣木 Moringa	Limited cultivation.		India, Pakistan [1]
*Murraya koenigii* 咖哩葉 Curry Leaf			Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Laos, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam [1]
*Myristica fragrans* 肉豆蔻 Nutmeg			Maluku [1]
*Nepeta cataria* 貓薄荷 Catnip			Southern, central adn eastern Europe & west Asia. [1]
*Ocimum basilicum* 羅勒 Basil			Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaya, Maluku, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Taiwan 台灣, Thailand, Vietnam, Australia [1]
*Ocimum tenuiflorum* 打拋葉 Holy Basil			Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, China, India, Laos, Malaya, Maluku, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Pakistan, Philippines, Solomon Is., Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Taiwan 台灣, Thailand, Vietnam, [1]
*Origanum majorana* 墨角蘭 Marjoram			Cyprus, Turkey [1]
*Origanum vulgare* 奧勒岡 Oregano			Europe & Asia (Not Taiwan) [1]
*Oryza sativa L.* 米 Rice	Commercial	Exact origins are debated, but likely introduced to Taiwan many years ago. Note there are numerous species with many more varieties which are widely distributed.	China [1]
*Passiflora edulis* 百香果 Passion Fruit			Argentina Northeast, Brazil, Paraguay [1]
*Perilla frutescens* 紫蘇 Perilla			Bangladesh, China, India, Japan, Indonesia, Korea, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Taiwan 台灣, Thailand, Vietnam [1]
*Persicaria odorata* 叻沙葉 Laksa Leaf			Cambodia, Laos, Malaya, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam [1]
*Petroselinum crispum* 香芹 / 巴西利 Parsley			Greece, Yugoslavia [1]
*Physalis peruviana* 海角鵝莓 Cape Gooseberry			Bolivia, Brazil [1]
*Piper longum* 長胡椒 Long Pepper			Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam [1]
*Piper nigrum* 胡椒 Pepper			India [1]
*Psidium guajava* 番石榴 Guava			Central and South America [1]
*Rosmarinus officinalis* 迷迭香 Rosemarry			Albania, Algeria, Baleares, Cyprus, Egypt, France, Greece, Italy, Libya, Morocco, Portugal, Spain, Turkey, Yugoslavia [1]
*Salvia officinalis* 鼠尾草 Sage			Albania, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, Yugoslavia [1]
*Sinapis alba* 白芥子 White Mustard			Europe & Asia (Not Taiwan) [1]
*Solanum melongena* 茄子 Eggplant			China, Laos, Malaya, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam [1]
*Solanum lycopersicum* 番茄 Tomato			Peru [1]
*Stevia rebaudiana* 甜菊 Stevia			Brazil, Paraguay [1]
*Synsepalum dulcificum* 神秘果 Miracle Fruit			Benin, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Zaire [1]
*Syzygium aromaticum* 丁香 Cloves			Maluku [1]
*Thymus vulgaris* 百里香 Thyme			Baleares, France, Italy, Spain [1]
*Toona sinensis* 香椿 Chinese Toon			Borneo, China, Indonesia, Laos, Malaya, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam [1]
*Tropaeolum majus* 金蓮花 Nasturtium			Peru [1]
*Zanthoxylum ailanthoides* 刺蔥 Japanese Prickly Ash			China, Japan, Korea, Philippines, Taiwan 台灣 [1]
*Zingiber officinale* 薑 Ginger			Assam, China, East Himalaya, India [1]

Referrences

[1] Plants of the World Online (Kew) - http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/

[2] Flora of Taiwan, 2nd Edition

Food Species in Taiwan & Their Countries of Origin

特有種 - Endemic to Taiwan

本地物種 - Native to Taiwan

外來物種 - Foreign Species

種名 - Species Name

Cultivation in Taiwan

Notes

原產地 - Country of Origin

Referrences

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